Heat 2 tablespoons oil in a large pan over medium-high heat. Add the onions and carrots and a pinch of salt and cook until they soften but do not brown, about 5 minutes. Add the garlic and cook until fragrant, another minute. Add the mushrooms, broth, vinegar, thyme, marjoram, cinnamon, pepper, bay, and cloves. Cover and simmer over low heat, stirring occasionally for about 30 minutes. Remove from heat and stir in jalapeños and 1/2 teaspoon salt. Pour into an 8x8-inch glass baking dish and wipe skillet clean for cooking chicken.